<\/p>\n
Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 spole\u010denstvo \u2013 lesy, ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed klima, sni\u017euj\u00ed vysych\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy, zpomaluj\u00ed odtok povrchov\u00e9 vody, zabra\u0148uj\u00ed erozi, sni\u017euj\u00ed rychlost v\u011btru a produkuj\u00ed kysl\u00edk. V \u010cR pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed lesy 1\/3 plochy \u00fazem\u00ed (25 000 km \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch). V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich byla um\u011ble vysazena. Skladba: 55% smrk, 18% borovice, 6% dub, 5% buk, 3% mod\u0159in a b\u0159\u00edza, 1% ol\u0161e a 9% ostatn\u00ed d\u0159eviny. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejv\u00fd\u0161e zasahuj\u00edc\u00ed d\u0159evina \u2013 smrk ztepil\u00fd (Picea excelsa) roste od n\u00ed\u017ein a\u017e po hornatiny, do v\u00fd\u0161e 1 200 m a v d\u016fsledku mohutn\u00fdch v\u00fdsadeb v minulosti dnes zauj\u00edm\u00e1 55% z celkov\u00e9 plochy les\u016f. Nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd na kvalitu p\u016fdy, mr\u00e1z mu ne\u0161kod\u00ed a roste pom\u011brn\u011b rychle (60-70ti let\u00e9 porosty se daj\u00ed t\u011b\u017eit). Nev\u00fdhodou jsou m\u011blk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny, citlivost k vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, n\u00e1chylnost k vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a suchu. Nejv\u00fd\u0161e rostouc\u00ed listnat\u00fd strom je je\u0159\u00e1b obecn\u00fd (Sorbus aucuparia).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ke\u0159 nad horn\u00ed hranic\u00ed lesa \u2013 kle\u010d (Pinus mugo). Souvisl\u00e9 p\u00e1smo kle\u010de se vyvinulo pouze v Krkono\u0161\u00edch, ve v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch 1 200 a\u017e 1 550 m.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejrychleji rostouc\u00ed strom \u2013 ol\u0161e lepkav\u00e1 (Alnus glutinosa) dor\u016fst\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ky 25 \u2013 35 m, ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 10 let je ji\u017e 4 m vysok\u00e1, zat\u00edmco nejpomaleji rostouc\u00ed tis stejn\u00e9ho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed je jen 70 cm vysok\u00fd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pleveln\u00e1 d\u0159evina \u2013 b\u0159\u00edza (Betula), p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed se i zhor\u0161en\u00e9mu \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, m\u00e1 mal\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na p\u016fdn\u00ed \u017eiviny a sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy teplot i vlhkosti. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejm\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd jehli\u010dnat\u00fd strom \u2013 borovice lesn\u00ed (Pinus silvestris) m\u00e1 hlubok\u00e9 ko\u0159eny, roste na p\u00edsc\u00edch i hl\u00edn\u00e1ch, na kamenit\u00fdch, nadm\u011brn\u011b such\u00fdch i mokr\u00fdch p\u016fd\u00e1ch a ve v\u0161ech v\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejst\u00ednomiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strom \u2013 tis \u010derven\u00fd (Taxus baccata) roste v hust\u00e9m st\u00ednu jin\u00fdch d\u0159evin. Je jedovat\u00fd, krom\u011b \u010derven\u00e9ho plodu obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed semeno. Roste nejpomaleji ze v\u0161ech na\u0161ich strom\u016f, pat\u0159\u00ed mezi dlouhov\u011bk\u00e9 d\u0159eviny dosahuj\u00edc\u00ed u n\u00e1s st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a\u017e 600 let (ve sv\u011bt\u011b a\u017e 3000 let). M\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a tvrd\u00e9 d\u0159evo odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di hmyzu.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed listnat\u00fd strom \u2013 l\u00edpa (Tilia) se stala symbolem slovansk\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemnosti. \u010casto se vysazovala na n\u00e1vs\u00edch, mez\u00edch a k\u0159i\u017eovatk\u00e1ch cest. Z kv\u011bt\u016f se p\u0159ipravuje l\u00e9\u010div\u00fd \u010daj, d\u0159evo je m\u011bkk\u00e9 a dob\u0159e se opracov\u00e1v\u00e1. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed l\u00edpy je 1000 let. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Strom poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed obkladov\u00e9 d\u0159evo \u2013 mod\u0159\u00edn evropsk\u00fd (Larix decidua) m\u00e1 v\u00fdraznou barvu d\u0159eva, pevnost, pru\u017enost a neoby\u010dejnou trvanlivost (i pod vodou).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejmen\u0161\u00ed sem\u00ednka \u2013 m\u00e1 z jehli\u010dnat\u00fdch strom\u016f mod\u0159\u00edn (do 1kg se jich vejde 222 000), z listnat\u00fdch strom\u016f b\u0159\u00edza (do 1kg se vejde 6 600 000 sem\u00ednek). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed d\u0159eviny \u2013 vysokohorsk\u00e9 (plaziv\u00e9) vrby, mohou b\u00fdt je 3 \u2013 8 cm vysok\u00e9 (nap\u0159. vrba bylinn\u00e1) d\u0159eviny vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00ed kobercovit\u00e9 porosty v nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch oblastech Krkono\u0161 a Jesen\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 spole\u010denstvo \u2013 lesy, ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed klima, sni\u017euj\u00ed vysych\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy, zpomaluj\u00ed odtok povrchov\u00e9 vody, zabra\u0148uj\u00ed erozi, sni\u017euj\u00ed rychlost v\u011btru a produkuj\u00ed kysl\u00edk. V \u010cR pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed lesy 1\/3 plochy \u00fazem\u00ed (25 000 km \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch). V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich byla um\u011ble vysazena. Skladba: 55% smrk, 18% borovice, 6% dub, 5% buk, 3% mod\u0159in a b\u0159\u00edza, 1% ol\u0161e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":18,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-full-width.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/263"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=263"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":278,"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/263\/revisions\/278"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.energiestromu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}